The influence of sign lexicon language mediation (MSL) on enhancingreading comprehension in deaf and hard of hearing students: a semiempirical study based on the double coding theory.

Abstract

Interest in women's representation in historical writing has increased
since the mid-twentieth century, aiming to re-evaluate their contributions after decades of marginalization in traditional narratives. In Morocco, studies show that women's presence in history textbooks remains weak, with male figures dominating texts, illustrations, and biographical indexes.
 This study evaluates the representation of women in middle and high school history textbooks in Morocco) Oriental Region( through content analysis and a survey of teachers' perspectives. Findings attribute this underrepresentation to the patriarchal nature of historical sources, the curricula’s focus on political and military history, a lack of rights-based awareness among authors, and limited female participation in authorship committees.
 To address this, the study proposes integrating educational materials that highlight women's historical roles and implementing gender-sensitive activities.
It also emphasizes the necessity of training teachers on the gender approach and revising curricula to ensure a more balanced and inclusive representation reflecting women's diverse historical contributions.